All Japanese grammar needed to learn for JLPT test N4
This list is still a work in progress ๐
Grammar | Romaji | Meaning | Form | Example |
๏ฝใ | ~ shi | ย ~ and, to list a multiple reasons | Verb Casual form +ใ |
ใใใใ ใกใใใใ ใใใพใงใ ใใใใใใ ใใฎ ใฟใใฏ ใจใฆใ ในใใใงใใ
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ใใใงใ | ย ~ sou desu | confirmation | Verb Casual form + ใใใงใ | ๅฝผใฏใฑใผใญใใในใใใงใใ |
~ใฆใฟใ | ~ te miru | To try something out | Verbใฆform + ใฆใฟใ | ๅฝผใฏๅฝผๅฅณใจ่ฉฑใใฆใฟใใ |
ใชใ | ~ nara | if | Verb Plain form + ใชใ | ๅ้ใๆฅใใชใใ็งใฏใใถใๆณจๆใใใ |
(period) ใซ (frequency) | ~ ni | period, frequency | Number + ใซ | ไธ้ฑ้ใซไธๅๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅๅผทใใพใ |
๏ฝใใปใใ | ~ ga hoshii | to want something | Noun + ใใปใใ | ใใฎๆฌใใปใใใ |
๏ฝใใใ | ~ tagaru | someone wants to | Verb – Masu form + ใใใ | ใใใธ่กใใใใไบบใฏ่ชฐใใใชใใ |
๏ฝใใใใใชใ | ~ kamoshirenai | maybe, might | Verb Casual form + ใใใใใชใ | ใใฎๅฏใๅคใซ้ขจ้ชใๅผใใใฎใใใใใชใใ |
๏ฝใใใฉใใงใใ | ~ taradoudesuka | how about | Verb Casual past form + ใใใฉใ | ใ่ชๅใงไฝใฃใฆใฟใใใฉใใงใใใ |
Number+ใ | ~ mo | as many as | Number + ใ | ใใฎใใฎใใผใใคใผใซใฏๅญฆ็ใไบๅไบบใๆฅใพใใใ |
ใใ๏ฝใชใ | shika ~ nai | as few as, only | Noun + ใใ = Verb ใชใ | ็งใฏๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎใใใใใใฃใใคใใใใฃใฆใใพใใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใ | ~ te oku | to do something in advance | Verbใฆform + ใใ | ๏ผ๏ผๆใพใงใซๅค้ฃใฎๆบๅใใใฆใใใใใซๅใ่จใใใชใใใ |
๏ฝใใ | ~ you | to invite someone to do something | Verb – Masu form + ใใ | ใใฎใฑใผใญใ้ฃในใใใ |
๏ฝใใ | ~ ou | imperative sentence | Verb ใ form + ใ | ใใใใง้ใผใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใ | ~ te ageru | to do something for someone | Verbใฆform + ใใใ | ใใชใใซไปฃใใฃใฆ่ฒทใ็ฉใใใฆๅฎถใๆ้คใใฆๅค้ฃใไฝใฃใฆใใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใ | ~ te kureru | to do receive action from someone | Verbใฆform + ใใใ | ใใชใใ็งใซใ้ใ่ฒธใใฆใใใใจใฏ่ฆชๅใ ใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใ | ~ te morau | to get someone to do something | Verbใฆform + ใใใ | ใธใงใณใซๆ่จใ็ดใใฆใใใใคใใใ ใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใ ใใพใใใ | ~ te itadakemasenka | can you please…, can I get… | Verbใฆform + ใใใ ใใพใใใ | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผๅๆญใใใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใใใ |
๏ฝใจใใใงใ | ~ to ii desu | I hope, it would be nice if | Verb Casual past form + ใจใใใงใ | ใใชใใฎๆใฟใๅฎ็พใใใจใใใงใใญใ |
๏ฝใฆใใฟใพใใ | ~ te sumimasen | I apologise for | Verbใฆform + ใฆใใฟใพใใ | ใใชใใใใใชใซ้ทใ้ๅพ ใใใฆใใฟใพใใใ |
๏ฝใใใงใ | ~ sou desu | looks like that, expressing similarity | Adj – ใ + ใใใงใ | ใใฎใฉใผใกใณใฏใใใใใใงใใ |
๏ฝใใใ | ~ te saseru | to make someone do something | Verb – Masu form + ใใใ | ใใฎ้จ้ทใฏใใใ้ทๆ้ๅใใใใ |
๏ฝใชใใ | ~ nasai | to ask someone to do something, please | Verb – Masu form + nasai | ใๆฅใชใใใใคใจในใฏ่จใใใใ |
๏ฝใฐ/๏ฝใใฐ | ~ ba | if, conditional | Verb ใ form + ใฐ | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใซใใใฐไฝใจใใชใใใใ ใ |
๏ฝใฆใ | ~ temo | even if, even though | Verbใฆform + ใ | ไธ็ทใซ่กใฃใฆใใใใงใใใ |
๏ฝใใ | ~ tara | if, conditional | Verb Casual past form + ใ | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผไธๅๆใฃใฆใใใจใใใใฉใใใพใใใ |
๏ฝใชใใฆใใใ | ~ nakutemoii | even if you don’t | Verb ใชใ form + ใใฆใใใ | ใใชใใฏๆผ้ฃไปฃใๆใใชใใฆใใใใงใใใ |
๏ฝใฟใใ | ~ mitai | looks similar | Verb Casual form + ใฟใใ | ใใไบบใฟใใใใใชใใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใพใ | ~ te shimau | to do something by accident, to completely finish | Verbใฆform + ใใพใ | ใณใผใใผใฏๅ จ้จ้ฃฒใใงใใพใฃใใ |
Dictionary form+ใจ | ~ to | if, and, when | Verb Casual form + ใจ | ใใใใชใใใใฎใฑใผใญใ้ฃในใใจ็งใฏๆใใ ใใ๏ผ |
๏ฝใชใใ | ~ nagara | While, during, as | Verb – Masu form + ใชใใ | ใ่ถใ้ฃฒใฟใชใใ่ฉฑใใพใใใใ |
๏ฝใฐใใใฃใ | ~ ba yokatta | it would have been better if, should have | Verb ใ form + ใฐ + ใใใฃใ | ใใชใใใใฎใๆฅใฆใใใใฐใใใฃใใฎใซใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใฆใใใใจใ | ~ te kuretearigatou | to thank for an action received | Verbใฆform + ใใใฆใใใใจใ | ใใใใ่ฆชๅใซใใฆใใใฆใใใใจใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใฃใ | ~ te yokatta | glad that something happened | Verbใฆform + ใใใฃใ | ใใใงๅใซใใใฆใใใฃใใ |
๏ฝใฏใใงใ | ~ hazu da | should, must, to expect something will happen | Verb Casual form + ใฏใใงใ | ใในใฏใใๆฅใใฏใใงใใ |
๏ฝใชใใง | ~ nai de | don’t, without doing | Verb ใชใ form + ใง | ใๆณฃใใชใใงใใจๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่จใฃใใ |
๏ฝใใฉใใ | ~ ka dou ka | whether or not | Verb Casual form + ใใฉใใ | ใใฎไบบใซๅฝผๅฅณใใใใใฉใใ็ฅใฃใฆใ๏ผ |
๏ฝใจใใ๏ฝ | ~ to iu | named, called | Noun + ใจใใ | ๏ผๅนดใจใใใฏ้ทใๆ้ใ ใจ็งใฏๆใใ |
๏ฝใใใ | ~ yasui | describing something is easy to ~ | Verb – Masu form + ใใใ | ใใใใชใ่ฑ็ซใ่ฆใใใใ |
๏ฝใซใใ | ~ nikui | describing something is hard to ~ | Verb – Masu form + ใซใใ | ใใชใใฎ่ณชๅใฏ็ญใใซใใใ |
๏ฝใใใ | ~ rareru | passive action or causative action | Verb – Masu form + ใใใ | ใคใใดใฏใธใฃใ ใซไฝใใใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใ | ~ te aru | something has been done | Verbใฆform + ใฆใใ | ใใฎใใผใใซใฎไธใซใใใฆใใๆฌใๅใใชใใใ |
๏ฝใฆใใใใใ ใซ,๏ฝ | ~ te iru aida ni | something happen in the middle of an action, while | Verbใฆform + ใฆใใใใใ ใซ | ใ้ขจๅใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใ้ใซ้ป่ฉฑใใใใพใใใ |
๏ฝใซใใ | ~ nisuru | the change of a state or condition of something | Verb Casual form + ใซใใ | ใใพใๅคงไบใซใใใจๅญไพใฏใใใพใพใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใ |
๏ฝใฆใปใใ | ~ te hoshii | to wish something would happen | Verbใฆform + ใฆใปใใ | ็ถใซ ใใฐใใ ใใใฆใปใใใงใใ |
ใฎใซ | ~ noni | even though, albeit, despote | Verb Casual form + ใฎใซ | ็งใฏๅฎฟ้กใ็ตใใใฎใซใพใ ใญใใใชใใ |
๏ฝใฎใใใช | ~ noyouna | describing a noun | Noun + ใฎใใใช | ใใชใใฏๅคฉไฝฟใฎใใใชๅญใ ใ |
๏ฝใฎใใใซ | ~ noyouni | similar to, to be like | Noun + ใฎใใใซ | ใปใ๏ผ่ฆใฆ่ฆใฆ๏ผใใฎไบบใฏ่ฑใฎใใใซใในใฆใใใ |
๏ฝใใใใใ | ~ saserareru | to be made to do something | Verb ใ form + ใใใใใ | ๆฏใซๅๅผทใใใใใใใ |
๏ฝใใจใซใใ | ~ kotonisuru | to decide something | Verb Casual form + ใใจใซใใ | ๅฝผใฏๅๅผทใใใใจใซใใใ |